Relevance of Colonic Gas Analysis and Transit Study in Patients With Chronic Constipation

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Colon transit time (CTT) is a useful diagnostic tool in chronic constipation, but requires good patient compliance. We analyzed the correlation between the gas volume score (GVS) and CTT in patients with chronic constipation. METHODS: The study included 145 consecutive patients (65 men) with chronic constipation. The primary outcome was the correlation between the colon GVS and CTT. Secondary outcomes were the differences in colon GVS according to CTT and subtypes of chronic constipation. RESULTS: There were 81 patients with "CTT or = 45 hours." In addition, 88 patients were classified as having functional constipation and 57 were classified as having constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). There was no significant correlation between CTT and colon GVS. However, the right colon GVS showed a positive correlation with right CTT (r = 0.255, P = 0.007). The median total colon GVS was significantly higher in patients with "CTT > or = 45 hours" than in those with "CTT < 45 hours" (5.65% vs 4.15%, P = 0.010). There were no significant differences in colon GVS between the functional constipation and IBS-C. CONCLUSIONS: We were unable to detect a correlation between GVS and CTT in patients with chronic constipation. However, total colon GVS may be a method of predicting slow transit in patients with chronic constipation.

Coexistence of Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome and Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report and Literature Review

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (SRUS) is an uncommon benign disease that is misdiagnosed as malignancy or inflammatory bowel disease because of similarities in clinical and endoscopic manifestations. Furthermore, SRUS with ulcerative colitis (UC) is extremely rare. To date, two cases have been reported in the medical literature. We report an additional case of SRUS with UC that was misdiagnosed as rectal cancer. A 61-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with rectal bleeding. Colonoscopy showed a well-demarcated, shallow, ulcerative lesion with polypoidal growth involving the entire circumference of the rectal lumen. Findings from imaging studies, including abdominal computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT resembled those of rectal cancer. Surgical resection was performed because clinical symptoms persisted despite medical treatment and because occult rectal cancer could not be ruled out. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed fibromuscular obliteration of the lamina propria and crypt abscesses, characteristics compatible with SRUS and UC.

Acute Obstructive Cholangitis Complicated by Tumor Migration after Transarterial Chemoembolization: A Case Report and Literature Review / 대한소화기학회지

Intraductal tumor invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is considered rare. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is effective for tumor thrombus of HCC in the bile duct. However, a few cases of obstructive jaundice caused by migration of a tumor fragment after TACE have recently been reported. The aim of this study was to identify factors that affect tumor migration after TACE. At this writing, a review of the medical literature disclosed seven reported cases of biliary obstruction caused by migration of a necrotic tumor cast after TACE. We, herein, report on an additional case of acute obstructive cholangitis complicated by migration of a necrotic tumor cast after TACE for intrabile duct invasion of HCC, in a 71-year-old man. The tumor cast in the common bile duct was removed successfully using a basket during ERCP and was pathologically confirmed to be a completely necrotic fragment of HCC. The patient's symptoms showed dramatic improvement. In summary, physicians should be aware of acute obstructive cholangitis complicated by tumor migration in a patient undergoing TACE. We suggest that an intrabile duct invasion would be a major predisposing factor of tumor migration after TACE and drainage procedures such as ERCP or percutaneous transbiliary drainage could be effective treatment modalities in these patients.

Benign Teratoma of the Thyroid Gland

Although pathology reports of thyroid tissue in ovarian teratomas are abundant, benign teratomas of the thyroid are extremely rare in adolescents and adults. Therefore, their clinical characteristics are still not well characterized. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman with a growing mass in her neck. Left lobectomy of the thyroid revealed it to be a benign thyroid teratoma composed of tissues from all three germ layers. Preoperative evaluations included thyroid ultrasonography (US), ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), and computed tomography (CT) of the neck. A 4.7-cm, well defined, predominantly hypoechoic mass intermingled with hyperechoic internal lesions, was observed in the inferior portion of the left thyroid lobe with substernal extension on US. The posterior extent of the nodule was not visualized due to deep attenuation of the echo. US-guided FNAC failed to reveal any thyroid follicular cells, but suggested a benign cystic tumor. Neck CT hinted at the diagnosis of teratoma because the mass contained large amounts of fat, and the margin was well defined. Extrathyroidal extension and cervical lymphadenopathy were not seen. She underwent left thyroid lobectomy, and histologic examination confirmed benign thyroid teratoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of benign thyroid teratoma in Korea.

A Case of Bone Marrow Edema Syndrome in a Patient with Anti-phospholipid Syndrome

Bone marrow edema is a common and nonspecific finding on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and results from various diseases including infection, inflammation, neoplasm, injury, and osteoarthritis. However, bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) represents a distinct entity with specific clinical and imaging features such as diffuse extensions, the lack of other morphologic alterations, no history of trauma, and reversible disease courses. BMES is caused by ischemic changes, and thus, it is postulated to occur as a result of the thrombosis in a patient with primary anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS). Here, we present a case of 67-year-old male with a history of stroke, being presented with fever of unknown origin and pain on both knees. He had high titers of IgG and IgM anti-cardiolipin antibodies which titers didn't change after 3 months. He was diagnosed as having a BMES due to typical MRI findings. After the introduction of anticoagulation, fever and joint pain were subsided. Our case suggests that BMES can develop within a patient with APS, thus early detection of differentiations is essential to avoid unnecessary treatments.

Nosocomial Pseudomonas putida Bacteremia: High Rates of Carbapenem Resistance and Mortality / 전남의대학술지

Previously, Pseudomonas putida was considered a low-virulence pathogen and was recognized as a rare cause of bacteremia. Recently, however, multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant P. putida isolates have emerged, causing difficult-to-treat nosocomial infections in seriously ill patients. Currently, the outcome of multidrug-resistant or carbapenem-resistant P. putida bacteremia remains uncertain. Here, we report 18 cases of P. putida bacteremia with high rates of carbapenem resistance and mortality. From January 2005 through December 2011, all cases of nosocomial P. putida bacteremia were identified and analyzed at Chonnam National University Hospital and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital. Electronic medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Four (22%) and five (23%) of 18 P. putida isolates were resistant to imipenem and meropenem, respectively. Common primary infection sites were central venous catheter (7, 39%), pneumonia (5, 28%), and cholangitis (2, 11%). Fourteen (78%) patients had indwelling devices related to the primary site of infection. The 30-day mortality rate was 39% (7/18): 40% (2/5) in patients with carbapenem-resistant P. putida bacteremia vs. 38% (5/13) in patients with carbapenem-susceptible P. putida bacteremia. Nosocomial P. putida bacteremia showed high resistance rates to most potent beta-lactams and carbapenems and was associated with high mortality rates.

Nosocomial Pseudomonas putida Bacteremia: High Rates of Carbapenem Resistance and Mortality / 전남의대학술지

Previously, Pseudomonas putida was considered a low-virulence pathogen and was recognized as a rare cause of bacteremia. Recently, however, multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant P. putida isolates have emerged, causing difficult-to-treat nosocomial infections in seriously ill patients. Currently, the outcome of multidrug-resistant or carbapenem-resistant P. putida bacteremia remains uncertain. Here, we report 18 cases of P. putida bacteremia with high rates of carbapenem resistance and mortality. From January 2005 through December 2011, all cases of nosocomial P. putida bacteremia were identified and analyzed at Chonnam National University Hospital and Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital. Electronic medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Four (22%) and five (23%) of 18 P. putida isolates were resistant to imipenem and meropenem, respectively. Common primary infection sites were central venous catheter (7, 39%), pneumonia (5, 28%), and cholangitis (2, 11%). Fourteen (78%) patients had indwelling devices related to the primary site of infection. The 30-day mortality rate was 39% (7/18): 40% (2/5) in patients with carbapenem-resistant P. putida bacteremia vs. 38% (5/13) in patients with carbapenem-susceptible P. putida bacteremia. Nosocomial P. putida bacteremia showed high resistance rates to most potent beta-lactams and carbapenems and was associated with high mortality rates.

Drug Fever Due to Piperacillin/Tazobactam Loaded into Bone Cement

Although drug fever may develop after administration of the drug by various routes, it has not been reported with antibiotic-loaded bone cement. Here, a case of drug fever induced by piperacillin/tazobactam loaded into bone cement is reported. A 72-yr-old woman presented with fever that developed two weeks after insertion of bone cement loaded with antibiotics including piperacillin/tazobactam into the knee joint for infectious arthritis. The fever was associated with a skin rash and blood eosinophilia. The work-up of the fever excluded several causes. Drug provocation test demonstrated that the piperacillin/tazobactam, which had been loaded in the bone cement, was the cause of the fever. The findings of this case suggest that drug fever can be induced by any drug placed and released continuously within the body. Therefore, the evaluation for possible drug fever should include all drugs the patient has been exposed to regardless of the route of administration.